Brazil Bureau of Mines 2002
http://www.dnpm.gov.br/sumaingles2002/Niobio.doc
I - WORLD SUPPLY - 2001
Brazilian pyrochlore (Nb2O5) deposits are located in the States of Minas Gerais (96.3%), Amazonas (2.7%) and Goiás (1.0%).
Cia. Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração – CBMM, the world leader in production accounts for 78.3% of the Brazilian output of niobium concentrate and Anglo American of South America Ltda. (formerly Mineração Catalão de Goiás Ltda.) supplies the remainder.
World Reserve and Production
Specifications |
RESERVES (2) (103tons) |
PRODUCTION (1) (tons) |
|
Countries |
2001 (p) |
(%) |
2001 (p) |
(%) |
|
Brazil |
5,200 |
91.1 |
41,772 |
94.3 |
|
Canada |
400 |
7.0 |
2,300 |
5.2 |
|
Nigeria |
90 |
1.6 |
30 |
0.1 |
|
Australia |
6 |
0.3 |
200 |
0.5 |
|
TOTAL |
5,706 |
100.0 |
44,302 |
100.0 |
Sources: DNPM-DIRIN, Mineral Commodity Summaries - 2001.
(1) In Nb205 - contained (p) Preliminary (-) Not available
(2) Measured + Indicated Reserve (r) Revised
II - DOMESTIC PRODUCTION
Anglo-American of South America Ltda. of the Anglo American Group plc, has a nominal installed capacity of 670 thousand tons/year. It produced 9,275 tons of Nb2O5 contained in ore, and 5,153 tons Nb2O5 contained in concentrate and 3,397 tons of Nb-contained in FeNb alloy, which represents an increase of 23.9% compared to the previous year due to a growth in demand and a higher Nb2O5 content in the processed ore.
Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração - CBMM (Grupo Moreira Sales and Molycorp), has an installed capacity of 50,400 tons/year of Nb2O5 contained in the concentrate. It produced in the Araxá plant (MG), 540,077 tons of Nb2O5 contained in processed ore, 33,886 tons of Nb2O5 contained in concentrate, 21,467 tons of Nb-contained in FeNb alloys and 2,632 tons of Nb2O5. CBMM's production achieved a significant growth compared to 2000, especially in Nb2O5 (106.6%). The increases in production resulted from sales improvement, good performance of the automobile and aeronautics industries, markedly in Europe, and demand requirements for lighter and more resistant materials.
III - IMPORTS
There have been no imports of FeNb alloys since 1985. Brazil is self-sufficient and world leader in niobium production.
IV - EXPORTS
Foreign consumers of ferroniobium were the European Union (41.0%), Asia (25.0%), USA (24.0%), and others (10.0%).
Anglo American exported 97.88% of its production of 3,325 tons of Nb-contained in FeNb alloy to Germany (35.8%), USA (20.9%), Japan (19.9%), England (7.2%), Canada (6.7%) and the 9.5% remainder to Korea, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, totaling an income of US$ 44,582,601.55, a 17.8% increase compared to the year before, due to an increase in sales volume. The main applications of FeNb in the market are in the manufacture of alloys and special steels.
CBMM exported 69.9% of its FeNb production (15,014 tons) and 34.3% of Nb2O5 (903 tons) in 2001, which represents a growth of 41.3% compared to 2000, and totaled an income of US$ 211,427 thousand. CBMM sale's are done through its subsidiaries: Niobium Products Company GmbH, Deusseldorf in Germany; Reference Metals Company Inc. Pittsburgh, PA in the United States, CBMM Asia Ltd. In Tokyo, Japan and through its distributor in China: Citiniobium Trading.
The main consumers countries of ferroniobium were the Netherlands (30.0%), the United States (23.0%), Japan (22.0%), Germany (9.0%) and Canada (6.0%).
V - DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION
Anglo American directs the whole of its production to the foreign market.
CBMM directed 998 tons of its production of Nb-contained in FeNb alloys to the domestic market, which is an increase of 26.33%.
The major consumer is Minas Gerais (62.3%), Regions South and Southeast (28.5%) and Northeast (9.2%).
Salient Statisctics - Brazil
|
Specifications |
1999 (r) |
2000 (r) |
2001 (p) |
|
|
Concentrate(1) |
(tons) |
31,352 |
31,190 |
37,283 |
|
Production |
Fe-Nb Alloy (2) |
(tons) |
18,866 |
18,218 |
24,864 |
|
|
Nb Oxide |
(tons) |
1,375 |
1,274 |
2,632 |
|
|
Alloy Fe-Nb(2) |
(tons) |
16,821 |
17,407 |
18,339 |
|
Exports |
|
(103 US$-FOB) |
223,945 |
232,084 |
242,024 |
|
|
Nb Oxide(5) |
(tons) |
1,064 |
639 |
903 |
|
|
|
(103 US$-FOB) |
18,170 |
11,080 |
13,986 |
|
Apparent Consumption |
Alloy Fe-Nb(2) |
(tons) |
2,045 |
811 |
6,525 |
|
|
Columbium Oxide |
(tons) |
311 |
635 |
1,729 |
|
Average Price* |
Fe-Nb Alloy (2) |
(US$/ton-FOB) |
13,313 |
13,333 |
13,197 |
|
|
Nb Oxide |
(US$/ton-FOB) |
17,077 |
17,340 |
15,488 |
SOURCES: DNPM-DIRIN; MDIC-SECEX, CBMM
NOTES: (1) Data in Nb2O5 contained in concentrate; (2) Data in Nb contained in Nb-alloy; (r) Revised.
(*) Average Price Base for Export
VI - ONGOING AND/OR PLANNED PROJECTS
Anglo American foresees promising levels of growth for the Nb market in 2002, increase in foreign demand, reduction in labor, continuation of technological and geological researches in environmental projects, same production capacity, no changes in infrastructure, in processing circuit or product stocking.
Many years ago CBMM established a program for research and development of new usages and applications for niobium together with research entities, universities and final consumers. The company invests significant resources in such programs and reassesses them in a yearly base. The programs should continue this year for they have proved very effective in expanding market opportunities.
VII - OTHER SIGNIFICANT FACTORS
Mineração Catalão Ltda. changed its social corporate name on 25/10/2001 to Anglo American of South America Ltda.
CBMM has a reserve of 449.2 million tons with contents of 2.5% Nb2O5 which is sufficient for supplying the domestic and the foreign market. The company increased production at levels higher than real demand in Brazil and abroad, as a market strategy which intends to create 'just in time' deliveries, from several storage points spread conveniently all over the world.
Mineração Taboca S. A. with 99.0% shares of the Paranapanema Group and 1.0% of Mamoré Mineração e Metalurgia, has a reserve of 171,045,957 tons of columbite with 351,220 tons of niobium-contained. The reserve is in the Pitinga Mining Complex, Presidente Figueiredo district, Amazonas State. In 2001 it produced 9,810 tons of niobium-contained in columbite, in primary production of 4,424 tons of Nb2O5 in the pre-concentrate.